Mary+Jane+Thurston+State+Park--Grand+Rapids+Tow+Path+Trail

Also, see Mary Jane Thurston State Park, Maumee River, and Maumee River-Lower Important Bird Area
 * =Birding in Ohio=

Wood County
=Mary Jane Thurston State Park= =Grand Rapids Tow Path Trail= McClure, Ohio 43534 Mary Jane Thurston State Park website Mary Jane Thurston State Park map

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Mary Jane Thurston SP--Grand Rapids Tow Path Trail
Coordinates: 41.4120691, -83.8741833 eBird links: Hotspot map View details Recent visits My eBird links: Location life list Submit data

About Mary Jane Thurston State Park
Northwestern Ohio was covered by a massive ice sheet during the Ice Age. As the ice melted, the area from Fort Wayne, Indiana, to western New York was covered by a large lake named Lake Maumee by geologists. With the retreating of the ice, new eastern outlets opened and eventually present-day Lake Erie was formed.

As the water drained from the state, swamps formed in the lowlands. The Great Black Swamp, 120 miles long and 30 to 40 miles wide, included the Maumee Valley. The heavily wooded swamp was a barrier to westward settlement. By 1900, through the use of a major system of dikes and ditches, the area was drained. The dark soils of the old swamp became fertile agricultural lands.

Ridges of sand or old beaches can be found from Liberty Center, Ohio northeast to Detroit. Known in Ohio as the Oak Openings, these sand beaches were formed when present-day Lake Erie was larger. Originally, the Oak Openings were surrounded by dense swamp forests. Today, the Oak Openings area includes impressive dunes, bogs, prairies, swamp forests, and a variety of unique vegetation.

This area was the rich hunting grounds of many Indian tribes. As settlers moved west, hostilities arose, President Washington appointed General Anthony Wayne to lead forces into the area. After building Fort Defiance in 1794, at the junction of the Maumee and Auglaize rivers, Wayne advanced down the Maumee Valley. At the Battle of Fallen Timbers, Wayne's troops defeated the Indian warriors commanded by Blue Jacket. This battle put an end to twenty years of conflict between Indian and settler.

In later years, the canal building era had a great influence on the region. The Miami and Erie Canal, which traveled north from Cincinnati, merged with the Wabash and Erie Canal south of Defiance in 1845, linking Cincinnati to Lake Erie. The canal stimulated development and trade along its route.

In order to better use the slackwater at the head of the Maumee River near the community of Gilead, a second dam was built by the state in 1845. Previously, a smaller dam had been built across part of the river to power a mill. The citizens were outraged about the new dam which limited water power to the mill and one night destroyed the dam. As a compromise, the Gilead Side Cut Canal was built, connecting Gilead with the Miami and Erie Canal, and a replacement dam was constructed. In 1855, the canal port of Gilead was incorporated as Grand Rapids.

In 1928, Mary Jane Thurston, a Grand Rapids schoolteacher bequeathed fourteen acres of land to be used as a park. After several transfers and leases, Mary Jane Thurston State Park was dedicated in 1968. Adjacent property and additional land upriver, known as North Turkeyfoot Area, were purchased in 1968 and 1969. From Mary Jane Thurston State Park website

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|| L3847055 US US-OH US-OH-173 41.4120691 -83.8741833 Mary Jane Thurston SP--Grand Rapids Tow Path Trail